Selection of Appropriate Antiseptic
Isopropyl Alcohol (70%)
ADVANTAGES:
Causes protein denaturation, cell lysis, and metabolic interruption.
Degreases the skin.
DISADVANTAGES:
Ineffective against bacterial spores and poorly effective against viruses and fungi.
Chlorhexidine Gluconate
Nolvasan®
ADVANTAGES:
Rapid action
Residual activity is enhanced by repeated use
Less susceptible to organic inactivation than providone iodine
DISADVANTAGES:
Occasional skin sensitivity.
Inactive against bacterial spores
Activity against viruses and fungi is variable and inconsistent
Iodophors: Iodine complexed with an organic substrate.
Povidone Iodine - Betadine®
ADVANTAGES:
Bactericidal, viricidal, and fungicidal.
DISADVANTAGES:
Occasional skin sensitivity.
Partially inactivated by organic debris.
Less residual activity than chlorhexidine.
Poor sporicidal activity.
DuraPrep®
USES:
Supplies a film-forming solution of iodophor and isopropyl alcohol for a final skin prep
Solution is contained within an applicator which speeds up the prep process
Solution provides long-lasting, fast, broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity
Hexachlorophene: a Phenol Derivative
Phisohex®
ACTION: Disrupts cell walls, precipitates cellular proteins.
DISADVANTAGES:
NOT USED: Neurotoxic.
Slow onset of action.
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